| Togus Pond Development Surveys |
| Lauren Wolpin |
| Development Overview |
| Shoreland Zoning Regulations | |
| Wastewater Disposal | |
| Development Survey | |
| Buffer Strip Survey | |
| Roads | |
| Future Development |
| Mandatory Shoreland Zoning Act |
| Rural Ponds District | ||
| Municipal Ordinances | ||
| Setback | ||
| Shore frontage | ||
| Lot size | ||
| Area of impervious surface | ||
| Non-conformance | ||
| Togus Pond Septic Systems |
| Shoreland challenges | ||
| Water table | ||
| Shoreline erosion | ||
| Winterization of camps | ||
| Grandfathered systems | ||
| Togus Pond Septic Systems |
| Development Survey |
| Buffer Strips |
| Slide 8 |
| Togus Pond Buffer Strips |
| Camp Roads |
| Soil erosion is a major contributor of phosphorus | |
| Proximity to lake is a concern |
| Maintenance Matters! |
| Slide 12 |
| Slide 13 |
| Road Survey Results |
| Poor roads in Northwest corner | |
| Most roads acceptable or good | |
| Culverts most common problem |
| Steep Driveways |
| Identified problem driveways | |
| Many lead straight into the lake | |
| Steep slopes lead to erosion | |
| Tasker Road, Hayes Road, Albee Road |
| Future Development |
| Land clearing on Young Road | |
| Commercial areas | |
| Golf course | |
| Pipeline and Gerabro Acre Roads |
| Phosphorus Budget |
| Kara Lanahan |
| Phosphorus Overview |
| Phosphorus Background |
| Historical Phosphorus |
| Phosphorus: Results |
| Mean phosphorus: 28 ppb | ||
| Trophic State Index (TSI): 67 | ||
| East Pond TSI = 64 | ||
| Great Pond TSI = 39 | ||
| Summer Phosphorus Levels |
| Slide 23 |
| Phosphorus Budget |
| Diagram of a phosphorus budget |
| Calculating the budget |
| Components of the phosphorus budget |
| Watershed land use | ||
| Coefficient | ||
| Land area | ||
| Septic systems | ||
| Soil retention | ||
| Occupancy rates | ||
| Internal recycling and sediment release | ||
| Anoxia | ||
| Water quality | ||
| Sediment Release |
| Phosphorus Model Results |
| Total Phosphorus load | |
| Best 794 kg P/ year | |
| High 1169 kg P/year | |
| Low 392 kg P/year | |
| Total concentration | |
| Best 19 ppb | |
| High 28 ppb | |
| Low 9 ppb | |
| Percent contribution of all land use types |
| Total Phosphorus Loading Results |
| What about phosphorus in other Central Maine lakes? |
| What needs to change to improve lake health? |
| Where will this reduction come from? |
| Phosphorus Model Conclusions |
| In Lake Remediation |
| Wendy Sicard |
| Nutrient Control Techniques Possible for Togus Pond |
| Biomanipulation | |
| Vegetative Mats |
| Alum Treatment |
| Aluminum sulfate binds with P | |
| Effective for internal P loading |
| Alum Treatment |
| Can last <1 year to 20 years | |
| Costly: average $450 per acre | |
| Testing and monitoring |
| Manipulation of Fish Stocks |
| Lower algae by increasing algae- consuming zooplankton | |
| Reduce planktivorous fish or restock piscivorous fish | |
| Comparatively inexpensive |
| Water Drawdown |
| Removal of nutrient-rich water | |
| Modification of culvert and dam |
| Vegetative Mats |
| Absorb nutrients in contained rafts | |
| Provide cover for zooplankton | |
| Harvest and compost |
| Solutions for Togus Pond |
| Stop inflow | |
| Funding | |
| Research of effects | |
| Multi-step approaches |
| Recommendations |
| Rob Mehlich |
| Recommendations overview |
| Watershed management | |
| In-lake management | |
| Monitoring and regulations | |
| Community awareness and education | |
| Grants and funding |
| Watershed Management |
| Buffer strips and erosion | ||
| Impervious surfaces | ||
| Coverage and depth | ||
| Rip rap | ||
| Roads | ||
| Maintenance | ||
| Limited and monitored construction | ||
| Watershed Management |
| Septic systems | ||
| Old systems | ||
| Pump outs | ||
| Upgrades | ||
| Land use | ||
| Enforcement | ||
| Deforestation | ||
| In-Lake Management |
| Implementation of applicable remediation techniques | |
| Continued watershed management | |
| Studies and monitoring of remediation | |
| Monitoring and Regulations |
| Maine Volunteer Lake Monitoring Program | |
| Worromontogus Lake Association | |
| Wetlands protection |
| Grants and Funding |
| Maine Department of Environmental Protection | ||
| Nonpoint source water pollution control grants | ||
| Small community grant programs | ||
| Maine Department of Transportation | ||
| Surface Water Quality Protection Program | ||
| Community Awareness |
| Phosphorus free fertilizers | |
| Phosphorus free household detergents |
| Summary |
| Summary |
| Eutrophication | |
| Phosphorus is entering the lake from soil runoff and human uses of the land and from sediment in the lake. | |
| This leads to algal blooms and a decrease in water quality. |
| Summary |
| Phosphorus that comes from sources outside the lake should be reduced. | ||
| Buffer strips | ||
| Roads | ||
| Septic systems | ||
| Detergents, and fertilizers | ||
| Summary |
| Remediation techniques may help reduce the phosphorus that is already stored in the lake sediments. | ||
| Alum treatment | ||
| Fish stock manipulation | ||
| Drawdown | ||
| Vegetative mats | ||
| Acknowledgements |
| We would like to give our thanks to the people and organizations that generously provided their time, knowledge, and support. Thank you. | |
| Roy Bouchard, Maine Department of Environmental Protection | |
| Russell Cole, Colby College | |
| Paul Connolly, Togus Pond Resident | |
| Dennis Curtis, Togus Pond Resident | |
| Fred Dillon, Maine Association of Conservation Districts | |
| Richard Dolby, Director of Code Enforcement | |
| David Firmage, Colby College | |
| Roger Gagnon, Togus Pond Resident | |
| David Halliwell, Maine Department of Environmental Protection | |
| Rebecca Manthy, China Lakes Alliance | |
| Jeff Norton, Elma�s Tackle and Hunting Supply Store | |
| John Pucciarelli, President of the Worromontogus Pond Association | |
| George Soucy, Code Enforcement Officer | |
| Nate Sylvester, Lakes Program, Kennebec County Soil and Water Conservation District | |
| Dan Tierney, Colby College | |
| Bill Woodward, Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife | |
| Bobby Van-Riper, Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife | |
| Augusta Town Office | |
| Maine Department of Environmental Protection | |
| Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife Staff | |
| Maine Soil and Water Conservation Staff |
| Questions |