Best Lewis Structure
The Lewis structure that is closest to your structure is determined.
The hybridization of the atoms in this idealized Lewis structure
is given in the table below.
Hybridization in the Best Lewis Structure
1. A bonding orbital for C1-Ga2 with 1.9787 electrons
__has 77.23% C 1 character in a s0.93 p3 hybrid
__has 22.77% Ga 2 character in a sp1.83 hybrid
2. A bonding orbital for C1-H3 with 1.9920 electrons
__has 61.57% C 1 character in a s0.97 p3 hybrid
__has 38.43% H 3 character in a s orbital
3. A bonding orbital for C1-H4 with 1.9977 electrons
__has 61.79% C 1 character in a sp2.82 hybrid
__has 38.21% H 4 character in a s orbital
4. A bonding orbital for C1-H5 with 1.9961 electrons
__has 61.75% C 1 character in a sp2.89 hybrid
__has 38.25% H 5 character in a s orbital
5. A bonding orbital for Ga2-H6 with 1.9705 electrons
__has 30.52% Ga 2 character in a sp2.06 hybrid
__has 69.48% H 6 character in a s orbital
6. A bonding orbital for Ga2-H7 with 1.9704 electrons
__has 30.53% Ga 2 character in a sp2.06 hybrid
__has 69.47% H 7 character in a s orbital
-With core pairs on: C 1 Ga 2 Ga 2 Ga 2 Ga 2 Ga 2 Ga 2 Ga 2 Ga 2 Ga 2 Ga 2 Ga 2 Ga 2 Ga 2 Ga 2 -
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Donor Acceptor Interactions in the Best Lewis Structure
The localized orbitals in your best Lewis structure
can interact strongly. A filled bonding or lone pair orbital can
act as a donor and an empty or filled bonding, antibonding, or
lone pair orbital can act as an acceptor. These
interactions can strengthen and weaken bonds. For example, a
lone pair donor->antibonding acceptor orbital interaction
will weaken the bond
associated with the antibonding orbital. Conversly, an interaction
with a bonding pair as the acceptor will strengthen the bond.
Strong electron delocalization in your best Lewis structure will
also show up as donor-acceptor interactions.
Interactions greater than 20 kJ/mol for bonding and lone pair
orbitals are listed below.
The interaction of bonding donor orbital, 1, for C1-Ga2 with
the antibonding acceptor orbital, 77, for Ga2-H6 is 26.1 kJ/mol.
The interaction of bonding donor orbital, 1, for C1-Ga2 with
the antibonding acceptor orbital, 78, for Ga2-H7 is 26.5 kJ/mol.
The interaction of bonding donor orbital, 5, for Ga2-H6 with
the antibonding acceptor orbital, 73, for C1-Ga2 is 37.6 kJ/mol.
The interaction of bonding donor orbital, 5, for Ga2-H6 with
the antibonding acceptor orbital, 78, for Ga2-H7 is 31.1 kJ/mol.
The interaction of bonding donor orbital, 6, for Ga2-H7 with
the antibonding acceptor orbital, 73, for C1-Ga2 is 38.8 kJ/mol.
The interaction of bonding donor orbital, 6, for Ga2-H7 with
the antibonding acceptor orbital, 77, for Ga2-H6 is 30.9 kJ/mol.
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Molecular Orbital Energies
The orbital energies are given in eV, where 1 eV=96.49 kJ/mol.
Orbitals with very low energy are core 1s orbitals.
More antibonding orbitals than you might expect are sometimes
listed, because d orbitals are always included for heavy
atoms and p orbitals are included for H atoms.
Up spins are shown with a ^ and down spins are shown as v.
25 ----- 1.715
24 ----- 1.196
23 ----- -0.034
22 ----- -2.408
21 -^-v- -6.821
20 -^-v- -7.001
19 -^-v- -9.545
18 -^-v- -9.635
17 -^-v- -10.84
16 -^-v- -16.50
15 -^-v- -20.62
14 -^-v- -20.64
13 -^-v- -20.76 12 -^-v- -20.76
11 -^-v- -20.92
10 -^-v- -98.76 9 -^-v- -98.76
8 -^-v- -99.18
7 -^-v- -144.0
6 -^-v- -265.8
5 -^-v- -1094.
4 -^-v- -1094.
3 -^-v- -1094.
2 -^-v- -1233.
1 -^-v- -10076
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Total Electronic Energy
The total electronic energy is a very large number, so by convention
the units are given in atomic units, that is Hartrees (H). One
Hartree is 2625.5 kJ/mol. The energy reference is for totally
dissociated atoms. In other words, the reference state is a gas
consisting of nuclei and electrons all at infinite distance from
each other. The electronic energy includes all electric
interactions and the kinetic energy of the electrons. This energy
does not include translation, rotation, or vibration of the
the molecule.
Total electronic energy = -1965.8477779988 Hartrees
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