Best Lewis Structure
The Lewis structure that is closest to your structure is determined.
The hybridization of the atoms in this idealized Lewis structure
is given in the table below.
The Lewis structure is built for the up and down electrons,
separately. Note that the up and down structures can be very
different.
Hybridization in the Best Lewis Structure
Down Electrons
1. A bonding orbital for O1-Cl2 with 1.0000 electrons
__has 62.82% O 1 character in a s0.41 p3 hybrid
__has 37.18% Cl 2 character in a s0.28 p3 d0.05 hybrid
8. A lone pair orbital for O1 with 0.9999 electrons
__made from a sp0.13 hybrid
9. A lone pair orbital for O1 with 0.9977 electrons
__made from a p-pi orbital ( 99.96% p)
10. A lone pair orbital for O1 with 0.9971 electrons
__made from a p-pi orbital ( 99.96% p)
11. A lone pair orbital for Cl2 with 0.9997 electrons
__made from a sp0.08 hybrid
12. A lone pair orbital for Cl2 with 0.9993 electrons
__made from a p-pi orbital (100.00% p)
13. A lone pair orbital for Cl2 with 0.9991 electrons
__made from a p-pi orbital (100.00% p)
-With core pairs on: O 1 Cl 2 Cl 2 Cl 2 Cl 2 Cl 2 -
Up Electrons
1. A bonding orbital for O1-Cl2 with 1.0000 electrons
__has 53.10% O 1 character in a s0.41 p3 hybrid
__has 46.90% Cl 2 character in a s0.36 p3 hybrid
8. A lone pair orbital for O1 with 0.9998 electrons
__made from a sp0.13 hybrid
9. A lone pair orbital for O1 with 0.9966 electrons
__made from a p-pi orbital ( 99.97% p)
11. A lone pair orbital for Cl2 with 0.9997 electrons
__made from a sp0.11 hybrid
12. A lone pair orbital for Cl2 with 0.9989 electrons
__made from a p-pi orbital (100.00% p)
13. A lone pair orbital for Cl2 with 0.9168 electrons
__made from a p-pi orbital ( 99.82% p 0.18% d)
-With core pairs on: O 1 Cl 2 Cl 2 Cl 2 Cl 2 Cl 2 -
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Molecular Orbital Energies
The orbital energies are given in eV, where 1 eV=96.49 kJ/mol.
Orbitals with very low energy are core 1s orbitals.
More antibonding orbitals than you might expect are sometimes
listed, because d orbitals are always included for heavy
atoms and p orbitals are included for H atoms.
Up spins are shown with a ^ and down spins are shown as v.
Only the spin up electron orbital energies are given.
17 ----- 7.434
16 ----- 7.139
15 ----- 6.638
14 ----- -3.120
13 -^--- -6.839
12 -^-v- -7.824
11 -^-v- -10.65
10 -^-v- -11.48
9 -^-v- -12.30
8 -^-v- -19.81
7 -^-v- -26.93
6 -^-v- -192.5
5 -^-v- -192.8
4 -^-v- -193.1
3 -^-v- -251.1
2 -^-v- -509.0
1 -^-v- -2732.
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Total Electronic Energy
The total electronic energy is a very large number, so by convention
the units are given in atomic units, that is Hartrees (H). One
Hartree is 2625.5 kJ/mol. The energy reference is for totally
dissociated atoms. In other words, the reference state is a gas
consisting of nuclei and electrons all at infinite distance from
each other. The electronic energy includes all electric
interactions and the kinetic energy of the electrons. This energy
does not include translation, rotation, or vibration of the
the molecule.
Total electronic energy = -535.3801363058 Hartrees
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