karodman@colby.edu GO 432

One of the central debates in contemporary American foreign policy centers on the issues of unilateralism versus multilateralism. Should the United States define its interests in terms of acting within the mandates of international laws, organizations, and alliances, and seek to broaden the scope of multilateral institutions and treaties? Or does this kind of multilateralism limit US freedom of action in ways that unnecessarily constrain its ability to promote its national security interests?

This class will introduce students to both academic and policy debates regarding the conditions under which multilateral institutions and/or unilateral actions can support or undermine US foreign policy interests. These debates will then be applied to issues ranging from the use of force, peacekeeping, economic sanctions, relations with "rogue states," nuclear weapons, trade, human rights, and the global environment.

You should purchase the following texts from the bookstore:

You should also purchase an on-line a course-packet of eight case Pew case studies from the Institute for the Study of Diplomacy at Georgetown. Instructions as to how you can pay for and download the cases will be given in class.

There are also several required and recommended reserve readings. Those that can be accessed through on-line databases will either by noted with the URL or with instructions on how to access the article (i.e., Lexis-Nexis does not have stable URLs). The rest can be found in the reserve room. Required readings are indicated with an asterisk (*). The remainder are recommended readings that might be useful for student presentations (see below). These readings are tentative and may be adjusted depending on what presentations student choose for the final eight weeks of the class.

Seminar Papers: Each student will write three 6-8 page papers which will be assigned from a list of topics that will be handed out on the first day of class. A draft of the paper is due at 9:00 AM of the day of the seminar and will be presented and/or discussed in class. The paper can then be revised and resubmitted by Friday of that week at 5:00. Each paper and presentation represents 15% of your grade

Research Paper: A 20-25 page research paper examining a controversy surrounding whether US foreign policy is or should be influenced by international institutions. Guidelines and a list of suggested topics will be handed out on the second week of class. The paper counts for 40% of your grade.

Class Participation: Discussion assignments will be handed out for each class. Attendance is mandatory and participation is 15% of the grade.

*Krauthammer, "The Unipolar Moment Revisited" National Interest (Winter 2002-03) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=8832822&db=aph and "The Bush Doctrine" Weekly Standard (June 4, 2001) – Lexis-Nexis (General News/Magazines)

*Nye, "Limits of American Power" Political Science Quarterly (Winter 2002-03) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=8980671&db=aph

*Robert Wright, "Continental Drift" New Republic (17 January 2001) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=2660323&db=aph and "America’s Sovereignty in a New World" New York Times, September 24, 2001 – Lexis-Nexis (General News/Major Papers)

*Mark Thiessen and Mark Leonard, "When Worlds Collide" Foreign Policy (March/April 2001) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=4118576&db=aph

*Patrick & Forman, ch. 1, 6

*Ruggie, ch. 1

*Mearsheimer, "The False Promise of International Institutions" International Security (Winter 1994), read only pp. 5-37 http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0162-2889%28199424%2F199520%2919%3A3%3C5%3ATFPOII%3E2.0.CO%3B2-O

*Kirkpatrick, "The Shackles of Consensus" Foreign Policy (September-October 2002) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=7296125&db=aph

*Joseph S. Nye, "Seven Tests" National Interest (Winter 2001-2002) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=5827385&db=aph

*Nossal, "’Without Regard for the Interests of Others’: Canada and American Unilateralism in the Post-Cold War Era" American Review of Canadian Studies (Summer 1997), pp. 179-194 (LN - News - World New - NS America)

Richard N. Haass, "What to Do with American Primacy" Foreign Affairs (September-October 1999), pp. 37-49 http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=2185516&db=aph

McNamara and Blight, Wilson’s Ghost: Reducing the Risk of Conflict, Killing and Catastrophe in the 21st Century, pp. 49-54 (RESERVE)

Kagan and Kristol, "Toward a Neo-Reaganite Foreign Policy" Foreign Affairs (July-August 1996) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=9606282464&db=aph

Kagan, "Power and Weakness" Policy Review (June-July 2002) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=6805213&db=aph

Kagan, "The Benevolent Empire" Foreign Policy (Summer 1998), pp. 24-35 http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=721491&db=aph

*Patrick & Forman, chs. 3, 4, 10, 11

*Robert Putnum, "Diplomacy and Domestic Politics: The Logic of Two-Level Games" International Organization (Summer 1988) http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0020-8183%28198822%2942%3A3%3C427%3ADADPTL%3E2.0.CO%3B2-K

*David Spiro, "The New Sovereigntists" Foreign Affairs (November-December 2000) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=3668196&db=aph

*Bolton, "Unilateralism is Not Isolationism" in Prins, ed., Understanding Unilateralism in American Foreign Relations, pp. 50-82 (RESERVE)

*Curtis Martin, Governor Gilmore and the Execution of Angel Breard: International Law versus State’s Rights (PEW CASE STUDY)

Luna and Sylvester, "Beyond Breard" Berkeley Journal of International Law (1999) – Lexis-Nexis/Law Reviews

*Ruggie, chs. 2, 3 (pp. 50-64)

*Patrick and Forman, ch. 5

*Keohane, "The Theory of Hegemonic Stability and Changes in International Economic Regimes, 1967-1977" in Holsti, Siverson, and George, eds., Change in the International System, pp. 131-157 (RESERVE)

*Costigliola, "Kennedy, the European Allies and the Failure to Consult," Political Science Quarterly (Spring 1995), pp. 105-124 (JSTOR) http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0032-3195%28199521%29110%3A1%3C105%3AKTEAAT%3E2.0.CO%3B2-D

*Risse-Kappen, Cooperation Among Democracies, pp. 83-104 (RESERVE)

*Ruggie, Winning the Peace, 4 (88-106)

*Patrick and Forman, ch. 2, 7

*Haass, chs. 6, 7

*Dorinda Dallmeyer, The Kuwait Crisis, Sanctions, and the Decision to Go to War (PEW CASE STUDY)

*Krauthammer, "The Unipolar Moment," in Foreign Affairs: America and the World (1990/1991), pp. 23-33 http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=9104080723&db=aph

*Lobel & Ratner, "Bypassing the Security Council: Ambiguous Authorizations to Use Force, Ceasefires, and the Iraqi Inspection Regime," American Journal of International Law (January 1999) http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0002-9300%28199901%2993%3A1%3C124%3ABTSCAA%3E2.0.CO%3B2-F

*Wedgwood, "The Enforcement of UN Security Council Resolution 687," American Journal of International Law (October 1998): 724-728 http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0002-9300%28199810%2992%3A4%3C724%3ATEOSCR%3E2.0.CO%3B2-G

*Gaddis, "A Grand Strategy of Transformation" Foreign Policy (November-October 2002) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=7709876&db=aph

McNamara & Blight, Wilson’s Ghost, pp. 132-145, 157-167

Gray, International Law and the Use of Force, pp. 191-195

*Ruggie, pp. 64-70

*Patrick and Forman, ch. 8

*Menkhaus & Ortmayer, Key Decisions in the Somalia Intervention (PEW)

*Ivo Daalder, The Clinton Administration and Multilateral Peace Operations (PEW CASE STUDY)

*John Ausink, Watershed in Rwanda: The Evolution of President Clinton’s Humanitarian Intervention Policy (PEW CASE STUDY)

*Betts, "The Delusion of Impartial Intervention" Foreign Affairs (November-December 1994) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=9411180049&db=aph

*Mallaby, "The Reluctant Imperialist" Foreign Affairs (March-April 2002) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=6249340&db=aph

*John Bolton, "United States Policy on United Nations Peacekeeping" World Affairs (Winter 2001) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=3953889&db=aph

*United Nations, Report of the Panel on UN Peacekeeping Operations (Brahimi Report) August 2000 http://www.un.org/peace/reports/peace_operations/ [EXECUTIVE SUMMARY]

Mats Berdal, "Lessons Not Learned: The Use of Force in Peace Operations in the 1990s" International Peacekeeping (Winter 2000) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=7165484&db=aph

Malone and Wermester, "Boom or Bust? The Changing Nature of UN Peacekeeping" International Peacekeeping (Winter 2000) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=7165477&db=aph

Diehl, "Forks in the Road: Theoretical and Policy Concerns for 21^st Century Peacekeeping" Global Society (July 2000) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=3525971&db=aph

Malone and Thakur, "UN Peacekeeping: Lessons Learned?" Global Governance (January-March 2001) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=4267136&db=aph

Guehunno, "The United Nations Post-Brahimi" Journal of International Affairs (Spring 2002) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=7700557&db=aph

*Patrick and Forman, ch. 12

*Haass, pp. 29-67

*Beverly Crawford, NATO Alliance Negotiations over the Pipeline Sanctions (PEW CASE STUDY)

Paarlberg, "Lessons of the Grain Embargo" Foreign Affairs (Fall 1980): 144-162 http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=4854307&db=aph

*Mastanduno, "Strategies of Economic Containment: US Trade Relations with the Soviet Union" World Politics (July 1985), pp. 503-531 (JSTOR) http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0020-8183%28198820%2942%3A1%3C121%3ATAASWA%3E2.0.CO%3B2-8

*Shambaugh, "Dominance, Dependence, and Political Power: Tethering Technology in the 1980s and Today" International Studies Quarterly (December 1998): 559-588 (JSTOR) http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0020-8833%28199612%2940%3A4%3C559%3ADDAPPT%3E2.0.CO%3B2-Y

Rodman, Sanctions Beyond Borders, ch. 3, 6

Haass, "Sanctioning Madness" Foreign Affairs (Nov.-Dec. 1997) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=233719&db=aph

Jesse Helms, "What Sanctions Epidemic?" Foreign Affairs (January-February 1999) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=1414130&db=aph

*Haass, chs. 4, 5, 8, 9

*Litwak, Rogue States and US Foreign Policy, pp. 196-233 (RESERVE)

Mazarr, "Going Just a Little Nuclear" International Security (Fall 1995) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=9512092790&db=aph

Cha, "The Second Nuclear Age: Between Proliferation Pessimism and Sober Optimism in South Asia and East Asia" Journal of Strategic Studies (December 2001) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=6898227&db=aph

Council on Foreign Relations, "Testing North Korea: The Next Stage in U.S. and ROK Policy" (September 2001) http://www.cfr.org/publication.php?id=4380

Ronen, "The Lockerbie Endgame: Quaddaffi Slips the Noose" Middle East Quarterly (Winter 2002) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=5657894&db=aph

*Ruggie, pp. 70-76

*Patrick and Forman, chs. 9, 10

Hadley, "A Call to Deploy" Washington Quarterly (Summer 2000) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=3244845&db=aph

Glaser & Fetter, "National Missile Defense and the Future of Nuclear Weapons Policy" International Security(Summer 2001), pp. 40-92

http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/international_security/v026/26.1glaser.html

Newhouse, "The Missile Defense Debate" Foreign Affairs (July-August 2001) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=4604661&db=aph

*Patrick and Forman, ch. 15

*Ruggie, chs. 5, 6

*Vogel, Barriers or Benefits? Regulation in Transatlantic Trade, pp. 14-56 (RESERVE)

*Esty, "The World Trade Organization’s Legitimacy Crisis" World Trade Review (April 2002) (RESERVE)

*Deborah Elms, "Driving to Discord: US-Japan Auto and Auto Parts Dispute,

1993-1995" (PEW CASE STUDY)

Esserman and Howse, "The WTO on Trial" Foreign Affairs (January-February 2003) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=8733798&db=aph

Weinstein and Charnovitz, "The Greening of the WTO" Foreign Affairs (November-December 2001) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=8733798&db=aph

Nye, "Globalization’s Democratic Deficit" Foreign Affairs (July-August 2001) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=4604596&db=aph

Mazur, "Labor’s New Internationalism" Foreign Affairs (January-February 2000) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=2623493&db=aph

Noland, "Learning to Love the WTO" Foreign Affairs (September-October 1999) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=2623493&db=aph

Weber, "Competing Political Visions: WTO Governance and Green Politics" Global Environmental Politics (August 2001) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=5389578&db=aph

*Patrick and Forman, chs, 13, 14

*Roth, "The Case for Universal Jurisdiction" Foreign Affairs (September-October 2001) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=5032334&db=aph

*Scheffer, "The United States and the International Criminal Court" American Journal of International (January 1999) http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0002-9300%28199901%2993%3A1%3C12%3ATUSATI%3E2.0.CO%3B2-5

*Bolton, "The United States and the International Criminal Court" http://www.state.gov/t/us/rm/13538.htm

Jody Williams, "David with Goliath" Harvard International Review (Fall 2000)

http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=3507788&db=aph

*Thakur and Maley, "The Ottawa Convention on Landmines: A Landmark Humanitarian Treaty in Arms Control"" Global Governance (July-September 1999) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=2339975&db=aph

*Kenneth R. Rutheford, "The Evolving Arms Control Agenda: Implications of the Role of NGOs in Banning Antipersonnel Landmines" World Politics(October 2000)

http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/world_politics/v053/53.1rutherford.html

Slaughter and Bosco, "Plaintiff’s Diplomacy" Foreign Affairs (September-October 2000) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=3451412&db=aph

*Patrick and Forman, ch. 16

*Pitzl & Stewart, "The US Position on the Kyoto Protocol: Senate Ratification

or Not?" (PEW CASE STUDY)

Dobriansky, Statement by the United States of America. Resumed Session of the Sixth Conference of Parties to the UN Framework on Climate Change, July 19, 2001 http://usinfo.state.gov/topical/global/climate/01071902.htm

Schelling, "What Makes Greenhouse Sense?" Foreign Affairs (May-June 2002)

http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=6489844&db=aph

Cooper, "Towards a Real Global Warming Treaty" Foreign Affairs (March-April 1998)

http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=397347&db=aph

Bodansky, ‘Bon Voyage: Kyoto’s Uncertain Revival" National Interest (Fall 2001)

http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=5225125&db=aph