Prof. Rodman
Spring 2002
Government 432
US FOREIGN POLICY SEMINAR: UNILATERALISM, MULTILATERALISM AND NATIONAL SECURITY
Course Description
One of the central debates in contemporary American foreign policy centers on the issues of unilateralism versus multilateralism. Should the United States define its interests in terms of acting within the mandates of international laws, organizations, and alliances, and seek to broaden the scope of multilateral institutions and treaties? Or does this kind of multilateralism limit US freedom of action in ways that unnecessarily constrain its ability to promote its national security interests?
This class will introduce students to both academic and policy debates regarding the conditions under which multilateral institutions and/or unilateral actions can support or undermine US foreign policy interests. The substantive focus of the seminar is on national security issues, specifically, the use of force, economic sanctions, nuclear nonproliferation, national missile defense, terrorism, and the international prosecution of war crimes.
Readings
You should purchase the following texts from the bookstore:
Stewart Patrick and Shepard Forman, eds., Multilateralism & U.S. Foreign Policy: Ambivalent Engagement
John Ruggie, Winning the Peace: American and World Order in the New Era
Richard N. Haass, ed., Transatlantic Tensions: The United States, Europe, and Problem Countries
Daalder and O’Hanlon, Winning Ugly: NATO’s War to Save Kosovo
Butler, Fatal Choice: Nuclear Weapons and the Illusion of Missile Defense
Robert Litwak, Rogue States and U.S. Foreign Policy: Containment After the Cold War
You should also purchase an on-line a course-packet of eight case Pew case studies from the Institute for the Study of Diplomacy at Georgetown. Instructions as to how you can pay for and download the cases will be given in class.
There are also several required and recommended reserve readings. Those readings are either available through on-line databases or from the reserve room. The abbreviations at the end indicate where you can access the article: Reserve Room readings (R), JSTOR (available on the Library’s Research page under Journals; Lexis-Nexis (LN) and Academic Search Premier (ASP), both of which are available on the Library’s Research page under Indexes. A web version of the syllabus will be posted on my web page with links to the articles. Please note, that neither Lexis-Nexis nor Academic Search Premier have stable links, so you will have to use their search engines to locate the article. One back-up paper copy of each required article will be placed on reserve.
Assignments
Seminar Papers: Each student will write three 6-8 page papers which will be assigned from a list of topics that will be handed out on the first day of class. A draft of the paper is due at 9:00 AM of the day of the seminar and will be presented and/or discussed in class. The paper can then be revised and resubmitted by Friday of that week at 5:00. Each paper and presentation represents 15% of your grade
Research Paper: A 15-25 page research paper examining a controversy surrounding whether US foreign policy is or should be influenced by international institutions. Guidelines and a list of suggested topics will be handed out on the second week of class. The paper counts for 40% of your grade.
Class Participation: Discussion assignments will be handed out for each class. Attendance is mandatory and participation is 15% of the grade.
February 5: Introduction
Read the articles you should receive in the mail when you arrive on Monday
February 12: Academic and Policy Debates
Patrick & Forman, ch. 1, 3
Mearsheimer, "The False Promise of International Institutions" International Security (Winter 1994), pp. 5-37 (JSTOR) http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0162-2889%28199424%2F199520%2919%3A3%3C5%3ATFPOII%3E2.0.CO%3B2-O
Bolton, "Unilateralism is Not Isolationism" in Prins, ed., Understanding Unilateralism in American Foreign Relations, pp. 50-82 (R)
Kagan, "The Benevolent Empire" Foreign Policy (Summer 1998), pp. 24-35 (ASP) - http://ehostvgw18.epnet.com/fulltext.asp?resultSetId=R00000001&hitNum=1&booleanTerm=TI%20the%20benevolent%20empire&fuzzyTerm=
Nossal, "’Without Regard for the Interests of Others’: Canada and American Unilateralism in the Post-Cold War Era" American Review of Canadian Studies (Summer 1997), pp. 179-194 (LN - News - World New - NS America)
Richard N. Haass, "What to Do with American Primacy" Foreign Affairs (September-October 1999), pp. 37-49. (ASP)
McNamara and Blight, Wilson’s Ghost: Reducing the Risk of Conflict, Killing and Catastrophe in the 21st Century, pp. 49-54 (R)
Hoffmann, "The United States and International Organizations" in Lieber, ed., Eagle Rules: Foreign Policy and American Primacy in the Twenty-First Century, pp. 152-162 (R)
February 19: Unilateralism and Mulitlateralism in Historical Perspective
Ruggie, chs. 1, 2, 3 (pp. 50-64), 5 (120-129)
Patrick and Forman, ch. 5
Litwak, pp. 19-33
Keohane, "The Theory of Hegemonic Stability and Changes in International Economic Regimes, 1967-1977" in Holsti, Siverson, and George, eds., Change in the International System, pp. 131-157 (R)
Costigliola, "Kennedy, the European Allies and the Failure to Consult," Political Science Quarterly (Spring 1995), pp. 105-124 (JSTOR) http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0032-3195%28199521%29110%3A1%3C105%3AKTEAAT%3E2.0.CO%3B2-D
February 26: The United Nations and the Use of Force
Ruggie, Winning the Peace, 4 (88-106)
Patrick and Forman, ch. 2, 7
Dorinda Dallmeyer, The Kuwait Crisis, Sanctions, and the Decision to Go to War (PEW CASE STUDY)
Krauthammer, "The Unipolar Moment," in Foreign Affairs: America and the World (1990/1991), pp. 23-33 (ASP) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=9104080723
Lobel & Ratner, "Bypassing the Security Council: Ambiguous Authorizations to Use Force, Ceasefires, and the Iraqi Inspection Regime," American Journal of International Law (1993), pp. 124-154 (JSTOR) http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0002-9300%28199901%2993%3A1%3C124%3ABTSCAA%3E2.0.CO%3B2-F
Daalder & O’Hanlon, pp. 1-103 (but read first conclusion on pp. 218-219)
Chesterman & Byers, "Has US Power Destroyed the UN?" (R)
Recommended: McNamara & Blight, Wilson’s Ghost, pp. 132-145, 157-167
Cooper, Higgott & Nossal, "Bound to Follow? Leadership and Followership in the Gulf Conflict" Political Science Quarterly (Autumn 1991): 391-410 (JSTOR) http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0032-3195%28199123%29106%3A3%3C391%3ABTFLAF%3E2.0.CO%3B2-2
March 5: NATO and the Use of Force
Patrick and Forman, ch. 6
Daalder & O’Hanlon, pp. 103-175, 206-223
Ruggie, pp. 77-88
Ivo Daalder, Anthony Lake and the War in Bosnia (PEW CASE STUDY)
Jonathan Marcus, "Kosovo and After: American Primacy in the Twenty-First Century" Washington Quarterly (Winter 2000) (ASP) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=2755344
Haglund, "Allied Force or Forced Allies? The Allies’ Perspective" in Martin & Brawley, eds., Alliance Politics, Kosovo and NATO’s War, pp. 91-107 (R)
Recommended: Daalder, "The United States and Europe: From Primacy to Partnership?" in Lieber, ed., Eagle Rules, pp. 70-96 (R)
March 12: US Participation in United Nations Peacekeeping
Ruggie, pp. 64-70
Patrick and Forman, ch. 8
Daalder & O’Hanlon, pp. 175-181
Menkhaus & Ortmayer, Key Decisions in the Somalia Intervention (PEW)
Ivo Daalder, The Clinton Administration and Multilateral Peace Operations (PEW CASE STUDY)
John Ausink, Watershed in Rwanda: The Evolution of President Clinton’s Humanitarian Intervention Policy (PEW CASE STUDY)
Sharp, "Dayton Report Card" International Security (Winter 1997): 101-137 (ASP) - http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=275335
March 19: Economic Sanctions
Patrick and Forman, ch. 12
Haass, pp. 29-67
Beverly Crawford, NATO Alliance Negotiations over the Pipeline Sanctions (PEW CASE STUDY)
Paarlberg, "Lessons of the Grain Embargo" Foreign Affairs (Fall 1980): 144-162 (ASP) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=4854307
Mastanduno, "Strategies of Economic Containment: US Trade Relations with the Soviet Union" World Politics (July 1985), pp. 503-531 (JSTOR) http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0020-8183%28198820%2942%3A1%3C121%3ATAASWA%3E2.0.CO%3B2-8
Shambaugh, "Dominance, Dependence, and Political Power: Tethering Technology in the 1980s and Today" International Studies Quarterly (December 1998): 559-588 (JSTOR) http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0020-8833%28199612%2940%3A4%3C559%3ADDAPPT%3E2.0.CO%3B2-Y
Recommended: Rodman, Sanctions Beyond Borders, ch. 3, 6
Haass, "Sanctioning Madness" Foreign Affairs (Nov.-Dec. 1997) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=233719
Jesse Helms, "What Sanctions Epidemic?" Foreign Affairs
(January-February 1999) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=1414130
April 2: Nonproliferation (I) — Introduction and Managing Nonproliferation Risks in the Former Soviet Union
Ruggie, pp. 70-76
Butler, pp. 1-82
Litwak, pp. 34-42, chs. 2, 3
Mearsheimer, "The Case for a Ukrainian Nuclear Deterrent" http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=9308115869 and Miller "The Case Against a Ukrainian Nuclear Deterrent" in Foreign Affairs (June-July 1993) (ASP) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=9308115870
Litvak & Reiss, Nuclear Proliferation after the Cold War, 89-118 (R)
Luongo, "Improving US-Russian Nuclear Cooperation" Issues in Science and Technology (Spring 2001) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=5477292
April 9: Nonproliferation (II) — Iraq, North Korea, South Asia
Butler, chs. 4, 6
Haass, pp. 102-139
Litwak, chs. 4, 6
Dinshaw Mistry, India’s Nuclear Tests: The Consequences for National Security (PEW CASE STUDY)
Strobe Talbot, "Dealing with the Bomb in South Asia" Foreign Affairs (March-April 1999), pp. 110-122 (ASP) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=1583961
Jaswant Singh, "Against Nuclear Apartheid" Foreign Affairs (September-October 1998), pp. 41-52 (ASP) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=1065795
Eberstadt, "The Most Dangerous Country" National Interest (Fall 1999), pp. 45-54 (ASP) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=2328984
Recommended:
Wedgwood, "The Enforcement of UN Security Council Resolution 687," American Journal of International Law (October 1998): 724-728 (JSTOR) http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0002-9300%28199810%2992%3A4%3C724%3ATEOSCR%3E2.0.CO%3B2-G
Mark Weller, "The US, Iraq and the Use of Force in a Unipolar World" Survival (Winter 1999-2000), pp. 81-100 (R)
Morrow & Carriere, "The Economic Impacts of the Glenn Amendment: Lessons from India and Pakistan," in Cirincione, ed., Repairing the Regime: Preventing the Spread of Weapons of Mass Destruction, pp. 151-169 (R)
Singer, Saksena & Thakar, "Feasible Deals with India and Pakistan after the Nuclear Tests: The Glenn Sanctions and U.S. Negotiations" Asian Survey (December 1998) (R)
April 16: National Missile Defense
Patrick and Forman, ch. 9, 10
Butler, chs. 5, 7
Bundy, Danger and Survival, pp. 549-556, 570-579 (R)
Hadley, "A Call to Deploy" Washington Quarterly (Summer 2000) (ASP)http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=3244845
Glaser, "Even Good Defenses Might be Bad" International Security (Autumn 1984): 92-123 (JSTOR) http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0162-2889%28198423%299%3A2%3C92%3AWEGDMB%3E2.0.CO%3B2-S
Glaser & Fetter, "National Missile Defense and the Future of Nuclear Weapons Policy" International Security(Summer 2001), pp. 40-92
http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/international_security/v026/26.1glaser.html for the html version http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/international_security/v026/26.1glaser.pdf for the pdfRecommended:
Lodal, The Price of Dominance, chs. 3, 4
Newhouse, "The Missile Defense Debate" Foreign Affairs (July-August 2001) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=4604661
Payne, "The Case for National Missile Defense" Orbis (Spring 2000) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=2958978
April 23: Terrorism (I): Economic Sanctions and Iran
Pillar, Terrorism and U.S. Foreign Policy, chs. 4, 6 (R)
Haass, pp. 48-101
Litwak, ch. 5
Karin Lissakers, Money and Politics: The Iran Asset Freeze (PEW CASE STUDY)
April 30: Terrorism (II): Force versus Sanctions — Libya
Haass, pp. 140-176
TBA
May 7: The International Criminal Court
Patrick and Forman, chs. 13, 14
Council on Foreign Relations, Toward an International Criminal Court? http://www.cfr.org/public/pubs/CriminalCourtCPI.html
Henry Kissinger, "The Pitfalls of Universal Jurisdiction," Foreign Affairs (July-August 2001) (ASP) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=4604651
Kenneth Roth, "The Case for Universal Jurisdiction," Foreign Affairs (September-October 2001) (ASP) ) http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=5032334
Marc Weller, "The Kosovo Indictment of the International Criminal Tribunal for Yugoslavia" (R)